论文标题：Microgravity disturbance analysis on Chinese space laboratory
期刊：npj Microgravity
作者：Wenbo Dong,Wenxiang Duan,Wei Liu,Yongkang Zhang
发表时间：2019/07/08
数字识别码：10.1038/s41526-019-0078-z
微信链接：https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/48fmeYOz14lwwfIDLt4A3w
了解太空实验室平台的微重力环境至关重要。2017年4月20日，中国第一艘货运飞船天舟一号（TZ-1）进入太空，随后与天宫二号（TG-2）中国空间实验室对接。TZ-1带有高精度静电悬浮加速度计系统（ES-ACC）和石英挠性加速度计（Q-ACC）的微重力主动振动系统（MAIS）。这两种仪器的科学目标是验证新技术。由于机会难得，这些设备产生的大量数据也同时为分析TG-2和TZ-1上的微重力加速度带来了更多机会。
图1：飞船石英挠性加速度计的扰动光谱图(m/s2/Hz1/2) （上）；隔振后石英挠性加速度计的扰动光谱图(m/s2/Hz1/2) （下）
(1) 组合体对地定向模式 (2) 组合体偏航模式 (3) TZ-1独立飞行对地定向模式 (4) TZ-1独立飞行偏航模式
中国科学院空间应用工程与技术中心的团队分析研究了在不同飞行模式下，在TZ-1和TG-2中详细记录的有无隔振的微重力加速度数据。在时间频率-振幅谱图中综合分析了加速度数据。在时频幅谱图中对加速度数据进行了综合分析，并从中探索出一些具有轨道周期的周期性扰动，以及识别出一些与某些在轨事件相关的信号。这些扰动型号的测量对于中国太空实验室微重力环境的准确评估，提供了有价值的信息。
图2：放大扰动信号的细节特征。(a)太阳能电池板的振动特点，(b)(c)天线驱动的振动特点，(d)某特殊负载的振动特点，(e)冷却风扇和空调的振动特点。
图3：安装在TZ-1上的MAIS 和 ES-ACC
该研究是我国空间实验室首次给出在轨局部载荷的扰动振动幅值和频率点的准确值，对科学实验项目了解轨道上扰动的工作状态和隔振仪器设计具有一定的参考价值。
摘要：Many scientific experiments are conducted in space; therefore, it is critical to understand the microgravity environment of a space laboratory. The first Chinese cargo ship, Tianzhou-1 (TZ-1), entered space on 20 April, 2017 and later joined with the Tiangong-2 (TG-2) Chinese space laboratory. TZ-1 carried a high-precision electrostatic suspension accelerometer system (ES-ACC) for measuring the microgravity acceleration on the spacecraft and a microgravity-active vibration system (MAIS), which contained flexible quartz accelerometers (Q-ACC). The ES-ACC was able to provide a reduced-disturbance environment for the MAIS. The purpose of these two instruments was to validate novel technologies and as an opportunity to record the microgravity acceleration of TZ-1 and TG-2 in detail during spacecraft operation in different flight modes, with or without vibration isolation. The acceleration data were analyzed comprehensively in a time–frequency–amplitude spectrogram. Some periodical disturbances with orbital period and irregular signals related to certain in-orbit events were observed. After reducing those disturbances, the microgravity levels on TZ-1 and TG-2 could be resolved to better than 10−6 m/s2 in the root mean square in the frequency of 0.01–10 Hz. These accurate measurements aboard the Chinese space laboratory will provide valuable information to optimize working conditions for scientific experiments.
（来源：科学网）
